Fundamental Coding Concepts (With Tips to Improve)
1. Variable Declaration
Variables are containers for storing values. You can declare variables using variable names.
- Number: Stores numerical values.
- String: Stores a set of characters.
- List: Stores multiple items in a single variable.
- Tuple: Stores multiple items in an ordered, unchangeable format.
- Dictionary: Stores key-value pairs accessible via a key.
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2. Control Structures
A control structure specifies the flow of control in a program. There are three basic types:
- Sequential Logic: Code runs in a specific order.
- Selection Logic: A condition determines whether a block of code runs.
- Iteration Logic: A block of code repeats a specific number of times.
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3. Data Structures
A data structure provides an effective way to store and retrieve data. There are various data structures that computer programmers can use to complete tasks and run applications. These are some commonly used data structures:
- Arrays: Organize data by storing similar elements together.
- Stacks: Linear structures following a last-in, first-out (LIFO) order.
- Queues: Linear structures following a first-in, first-out (FIFO) order.
- Linked Lists: Use pointers to link elements instead of contiguous memory locations.
- Binary Trees: Non-linear structures containing nodes with two possible values.
- Graphs: Contain nodes and edges connected to one another.
- Hash-tables: Store key-value pairs for efficient data retrieval.